In making dementia a National Health Priority, the Australian Government has recognised dementia as one of the biggest health problems facing Australia now and into the future. It has not been widely understood that dementia is also a major health problem for Indigenous people. Recent research in the Kimberley region suggests that the prevalence rates of dementia among remote and rural Indigenous people could be 4-5 times higher than those in the Australian community more generally. Research is needed in respect of those Indigenous people living in urban areas.