The decision taken by the UK parliament to approve plans to build an additional runway at Heathrow airport is of international and historic significance. The expected additional carbon emissions of at least three million tonnes per year are equivalent to the footprint of a small country and threaten to throw fuel on the fires of the climate emergency. At the same time, the UK faces a crisis of social and economic inequality, characterised by the stark differences in life opportunities between the UK’s regions. In this report, the authors focus on the distribution of the expected impacts of the scheme to answer the question who pays?