Background: Low vitamin D status is common amongst the athletic population internationally. Sufficient vitamin D is important for bone health and recent research also suggests an importance for physical performance, with associations found between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and muscle strength and physical performance in healthy populations.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent amongst athletes which could affect health, training and performance. Sun safety messages often dominate over vitamin D education and this is evident when investigating attitudes towards and knowledge of vitamin D and sun exposure in the general population. Knowledge of and attitudes towards vitamin D amongst athletes has not...

Background: Leading sports nutrition experts recommend customised fluid and electrolyte replacement strategies for optimal rehydration. Inadequate replacement of sodium can impair performance and health, but replacement needs are unique to an individuals' sweat sodium loss (SSL) - a product of sweat sodium concentration ([Na+]sweat) and sweat volume (or rate).

Abstract: As sport is now practiced on a worldwide basis, the fight against doping is an international problem and the solution to it must necessarily be international or the level playing field, which is fundamental to sport, cannot exist. There must be national building blocks in arriving at the solution, but, unless there is an...