This report discusses the economic mechanisms by which the hundreds of billions of dollars provided annually in agricultural support contribute to increased emissions, biodiversity loss and soil nutrient imbalances. It also highlights options for alternative support policies and presents real-world examples of improved environmental outcomes stemming from agricultural support removal or reform.

This paper summarises the impact of non-tariff barriers on Australian agriculture. While agricultural tariffs have fallen in the last 30 years, non-tariff barriers have risen. Modelling highlights that these barriers equate to a 19% tariff and a multi-billion dollar burden on Australian agricultural exports, warranting strong efforts to combat their rise.