Report 19 of the National Wastewater Drug Monitoring Program covered sampling in December 2022 and February 2023. In December, 57 wastewater sites were monitored nationally, covering a population of 13.9 million Australians.

Report 18 of the National Wastewater Drug Monitoring Program covered sampling in August and October 2022. In August, 58 wastewater sites were monitored nationally, covering approximately 57% of the Australian population.

This research highlights a number of key enablers of organised crime that may be targeted to disrupt illicit drug trafficking.

Report 17 of the National Wastewater Drug Monitoring Program covers around 56% of the Australian population, which equates to about 14.1 million people. This is the first report that incorporates population estimates from the 2021 Census, making our estimates of the population being sampled more accurate.

The aim of this study is to estimate the return on investment for demand reduction strategies targeting illicit drug use. The authors reviewed the literature to identify benefit–cost analysis studies (producing benefit–cost ratios) conducted on programs in Australia and overseas that have, at least in part, aimed to reduce demand for illicit drugs.