The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristic of indoor particles and the connection between indoor particles and outdoor particles. A long-term sampling and measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been carried out around an resident area in Harbin (a typical urban in Chinese severe cold regions), which including indoor PM2.5 concentrations...

Purpose / Context - The purposes of this study are to clarify the trend of unit energy consumption (UEC) and its related CO2 emissions in urban residential buildings, and to develop models to predict the UEC in the future. Methodology / Approach - Statistical method is adopted to clarify the UEC and related CO2 emissions...

Purpose / Context - Rural heating design temperature is closely related to building thermal perfor-mance design, indoor plain layout and energy consumption. Methodology / Approach - Focus on residential behavior pattern, this paper studied the rural heat-ing design temperature based on the site research. Results – Firstly, a site research is carried out taken rural...

Due to the low-regulated but high energy consumption residential stock and the energy standards required in China, awareness has been raised that refurbishment of the existing residential buildings is the solution to upgrade energy-efficiency. Cities in Northern China, such as Beijing, Harbin, Shenyang and Dalian, have conducted residential refurbishment for years. However, the design of...

Purpose / Context - Sustainability has become an important issue in building construction sector. The tools of sustainable building assessment have been developed to evaluate the environmental impacts of buildings around the world. Chinese green building assessment tool (GB) was established later than other tools from developed countries. Therefore, the aim of this paper is...