Getting the long-term jobless into mainstream employment is a major challenge for Australian governments, especially in areas of concentrated disadvantage. The Brotherhood’s approach, also used effectively overseas, is to use an 'intermediate labour market' (ILM) as a bridge between long-term unemployment and the mainstream labour market. This research report presents initial findings about the effectiveness of the Brotherhood’s ILM programs, drawing on interviews with staff and participants and also proposing a framework for a cost-benefit analysis.