Young people leaving care are arguably one of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged groups in society. Compared to most young people they face numerous barriers to accessing educational, employment and other developmental and transitional opportunities.

The Australian and international literature suggests that care leavers experience significant health, social and educational deficits including homelessness, disproportionate involvement in juvenile crime and prostitution, poor educational and employment outcomes, poor social supports, mental health problems, and early parenthood. Consequently, many of these young people are likely to end up with a long-term dependence on state support services and payments. The post-care outcomes are found to be significantly influenced by a range of factors associated with their in-care experiences such as the stability and quality of care, and attitudes to education.

Using findings from a qualitative study, this paper from the 2007 Australian Social Policy Conference examines the key in-care factors that influence the outcomes (positive and negative) for care leavers, and outlines some policy and practice reforms that may lead to better outcomes for care leavers.