Climate change is reshaping the geo-strategic, operational, and tactical environments with significant implications for U.S. national security and defense. This Climate Risk Analysis (DCRA) responds to requirements specified in Executive Order (EO) 14008, 'Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad.'

The Strategic Multilayer Assessment's 'Future of Great Power Competition and Conflict' project is researching how the United States might strategize to defend its global interests. This paper supports the project in deriving some grand strategy alternatives specifically related to China (twelve) and Russia (ten).