Set against the UK’s duty to protect the lives of its citizens, considerations of potential economic cost are of secondary importance. Organs of the Russian state have murdered and attempted to murder British citizens. The priority must be to minimize the risk that they will do so again.

The US military presence in the Middle East is the culmination of a common bargain with Middle Eastern governments - security cooperation and military assistance in exchange for US access to military bases in the region. Despite significant financial expenditure and thousands of lives lost, a fundamental shift in policy remains unimaginable at present.

Combating illegal wildelife trade and further pursuing conservation-development models could help generate considerable economic benefits for African countries, while ensuring the long-term preservation of Africa’s wealth of natural capital.

This paper argues that evidence is growing that highly flexible electricity systems could deliver lower whole-system costs, especially given the dramatic projected falls in solar and wind power costs by 2030.

This paper forms part of a research project that examines cybercrime laws in the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Its aim is to assess whether these laws are fit for purpose, and to gauge their impact on the economy, security and civil liberties.