The Australian Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a tax levied on the supply of goods and services in Australia. The GST is charged at a rate of 10 per cent of the final price of goods and services. In the fiscal year ended 30 June 2014, the GST raised $51.4 billion. This is about...

This paper discusses the tax and transfer treatment of private superannuation retirement saving and the public means tested age pension in Australia, and concludes that a more coherent retirement tax and transfer system can be achieved by reducing tax concessions and making the age pension means test less harsh.

To remove cascading effect of taxes and provide a common nation-wide market for goods and services, India is moving towards introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST). Under the proposed indirect tax reform both Central and State Governments will have concurrent taxation power to levy tax on supply of goods and services. It is expected...

This paper studies the financial capacity of German university graduates to repay their student loans. We find that conventional mortgage-type loans are associated with very high repayment burdens, which make it difficult for German university graduates to repay a debt of more than €10,000. We design a hypothetical income contingent loan and argue that the...

There are three main approaches to taxing capital income, being the income tax, the expenditure tax – which effectively exempts most capital income - or hybrids such as the rate of return allowance (RRA). This paper considers the theoretical arguments for taxing capital income less than fully, and finds that they need to be qualified...