The Australian Government has announced a resolution scheme to address millions of potentially miscalculated social security debts resulting from income apportionment. Income apportionment is an unlawful method used to calculate social security debts for payment recipients with employment income prior to December 2020. This paper outlines the Government's response to the issue.

Under various arrangements since the 1920s, there has been a free flow of people between Australia and New Zealand. Historically, migration flows across the Tasman have been large in both directions, but since the 1960s more New Zealanders than Australians have chosen to cross the Tasman to live. In 2013-14, the number of New Zealand...

As at June 2013 there were an estimated 640,770 New Zealand citizens present in Australia. Summary Under various arrangements since the 1920s, there has been a free flow of people between Australia and New Zealand. Historically, migration flows across the Tasman have been large in both directions, but since the 1960s more New Zealanders than...

This background note focuses on citizenship within the context of Commonwealth legislation and does not attempt an analysis of the meaning of Australian citizenship or different theories of citizenship. Image: billh18 / Flickr

This Background Note focuses on citizenship within the context of Commonwealth legislation and does not attempt an analysis of the meaning of Australian citizenship or different theories of citizenship.