Constipation is defined as the infrequent passage of hard stools. Constipation is common during childhood, occurring in up to 25% of children. Low dietary fibre intake, slow transit time, coercive toilet training, and in some children abnormal contraction of the anal sphincters and pelvic floor can all cause constipation. Anal fissures can occur secondary to...

It is widely known that an unsettled infant can be a major cause of stress for some parents. Not surprisingly infant sleep and settling is a major component for health professionals working with families. Of interest is the debate about what techniques are appropriate for parents and children. Some organisations have questioned some settling techniques...

The 'Families at Risk' study has produced local evidence drawing attention to the strengths and challenges for parents living in situations of chronic and multiple disadvantage with children aged 0 - 7 years. Life for the majority of these parents and youg children is under-resourced, stressful and isolated and interventions are required that open up...

Good dental health is essential to a child’s general health and well-being. This article addresses several aspects of child oral health from birth to around the time they enter school. More specifically this article will review the stages of normal dental development, dental decay and how to prevent it and some of the common non-nutritive...

What happens to children in the early years has consequences right through the course of their lives. There are many opportunities to intervene and make a difference to the lives of children and young people. The evidence shows the most effective time to intervene is early childhood, including the antenatal period. This Policy Brief explores...