This research report has been promoted as the first scientific, data-based study of Americans’ exposure to fake news in the month surrounding the 2016 U.S. election.

This guide responds to an increasing demand for understanding the interplay between digital platforms, misleading information, propaganda and viral content practices, and their influence on politics and public life in democratic societies.

This report details how young people in Australia consume and interact with news and media and underscores the need for a national direction in addressing media-literacy skills in young people.

Experts are evenly split on whether the coming decade will see a reduction in false and misleading narratives online. Those forecasting improvement place their hopes in technological fixes and in societal solutions. Others think the dark side of human nature is aided more than stifled by technology.

The Duterte Government in the Philippines is driving a propaganda war on the back of the rising popularity of social media, especially Facebook, according to journalist, Maria Ressa