This paper sets out the framework for parliamentary involvement in the process leading up to the ratification of an international multilateral trade treaty in each of the eleven remaining Trans-Pacific Partnership signatory countries.

The principle of legality has in recent years become an increasingly important tool of statutory interpretation, but it has been applied inconsistently.

This 34th edition of the Parliamentary Handbook sets out detailed information about the 45th Commonwealth Parliament. The parliamentary service and political careers of Senators and Members are presented, together with details of parliamentary committees and elections up to and including the July 2016 poll.

This paper provides some background to the importance of the separation of the legislature, executive and judiciary, and examines how modern parliaments in the Westminster system, including the Victorian Parliament, are faring in their attempt at preserving and maintaining a degree of independence from the executive.

While it is clear that administrative regulations can control matters that are morally or politically controversial, the processes by which they are made in Australia do not generally require transparency or public participation, the primary features of deliberative democracy.