Cybersecurity is a constant battle between attackers and defenders who try to leverage advances in technology to gain an advantage. Progress in those technologies can tip the scales in favour of either offense or defense, and it is not always clear beforehand which side will benefit more.

This report illustrates how mathematical modeling can provide insights into how advances in technology might affect a few areas of cybersecurity - phishing, vulnerability discovery, and the race between patching and exploitation. The authors demonstrate the approach and show the types of insights that it can provide.