The Coordinated Care program was a significant joint initiative of the Australian and state and territory governments which aimed to strengthen primary health care to improve the health and well-being of communities and individuals with chronic and complex care needs. The second round of the Coordinated Care Trials, which operated from 2002 to 2005 and covered a range of locations, health needs and existing services, built on the learnings from the first round of trials conducted from 1997 to 1999. In round two, three Indigenous-specific trials were conducted in Katherine, Northern Territory; Bunbury, Western Australia; and Port Macquarie, New South Wales, and two mainstream trials were conducted in Brisbane, Queensland; and Melbourne, Victoria.