In the twenty-first century, data became the subject of national strategy. This paper examines these visions and strategies to better understand what policy-makers hope to achieve.

The international digital economy is growing rapidly, and the fragmented governance framework is struggling to keep pace. This paper illustrates the importance of governance in relation to private-sector innovation and recommends next steps to enhance governance, close gaps and promote further innovation

This policy brief makes the case that states should adopt national policies to defend against threats to space-based assets and applications, such as communications satellites, that are both vital to national security and economic security and increasingly vulnerable to cyberattacks.

This paper finds that, for the most part, Chinese companies’ leading position in technologies and market share has not translated into more influence at main standard-setting organisations, although it is an important complement to China’s efforts in this regard.

Using case studies from experts in fields such as computer science, law and public policy, this special report offers recommendations to guide policy-makers and stakeholders on how to protect elections from next-generation technologies and the threats they pose to democracy.