The current system for imposition and collection of fines in Australia is significantly flawed. Fines are often inappropriately imposed/not imposed, inequitable, have high default rates and are expensive to enforce. This paper suggests an alternative scheme for the enforcement and collection of fines, a Fine Enforcement Collection Scheme (FECS), based on the principles underlying the...

This paper analyses the incidence and impact of unemployment among young Australians. It is argued that the scale and seriousness of the current youth problem are often overstated. There is no evidence that the aggregate unemployment experience of young Australians has changed over the last two decades.

Using a panel of 81 source countries for the years 1971 to 1998, this paper develops and estimates a model to explain the level and source country composition of immigration to the United States since the early 1970s. It includes variables so far neglected in existing work, examines more countries over a longer period than...

How do standard economic theories of migration perform when confronted with evidence drawn from more than a century of world migration experience? How do inequality and poverty influence world migration? Is it useful to distinguish betwen migration pressure and migration ex-post, or between the potential demand for visas and the actual use of them? Timothy...

Under the National Drought Policy, created in 1992, federal government support for farmers comes predominantly in two forms: interest rate subsidies and a special welfare payment. Support under these programs is only available to farmers in defined areas which have been declared to be experiencing 'exceptional circumstances'. In this paper Bruce Chapman and Linda Botterill...