This paper contributes to the growing literature on the effect of gender norms on social and economic outcomes. It expands on previous research on domestic violence, by considering both physical and emotional violence. The authors examine violence across the entire population, not just among disadvantaged groups.

Very little is known about the efficient collection of fines, despite their indispensable contribution to local government budgets. This paper fills a gap in the literature by studying the effectiveness of deterrence (enforcement) and non-deterrence (social norms) letters that aim to improve the collection of traffic and parking fines.