Mass lay-offs from firms and plant restructuring occur regularly, and can have potentially large consequences on places and communities. This paper estimates the impact of mass lay-offs between 2008-18 across small regions in Europe on regional employment and productivity.

The COVID-19 pandemic has critically tested OECD economies, with major differences in economic repercussions at the subnational level. This paper reviews the empirical evidence for effective policies from across the OECD to strengthen local economic resilience through support for people, firms and places.