This report draws on 17 years of data from the National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) to understand the extent of the learning gaps by student socioeconomic background across Australia and in each state and territory. The research shows clear, consistent and growing gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged students in Australia.

This paper outlines the current issues in early childhood education and care (ECEC) and the policy offerings of the major parties. It suggests that key battles will be over cost-of-living relief on fees and the role of government in shaping the sector, with the outcome of the election likely to determine whether a universal system...

The ‘achievement gap’ – a persistent difference in education outcomes by socioeconomic background – begins at two to three years and by the time children reach school has become entrenched. This report recommends a child-centred, needs-based approach to early years system design and funding. However, to date Australia has taken the opposite road when it...

The report examines accessibility to childcare using the most recent data. The authors find that despite some progress in recent years towards a greater provision of childcare in underserved areas, new approaches are needed in order to meet the aim of universal access.

The Australian Universities Accord has identified a needs-based funding model for higher education as a possible policy direction. The analysis in this brief shows the Australian Universities Accord was right to identify a needs-based funding model as a possible approach. But more research is needed to make sure the settings are right.