Australia’s reliance on incarceration for a wide range of offences has come at a significant financial cost to taxpayers while failing to improve community safety. This report outlines the cost of prisons, trends in incarnation, the incarceration of non-violent offenders and recommendations for reform. It finds the reliance on incarcerating non-violent offenders is straining prison...

This policy brief examines the self-reported English language skills of nearly 2,400 humanitarian migrants in an Australian study over 10 years, from 2013–14 to 2023. The first part of the brief examines trends in four dimensions of English language skills. The second part investigates the understanding of spoken English in greater detail.

This resource summarises the evidence about the experiences of parents who were adopted as children. It discusses their experiences of parenthood and the impacts of parenthood on their identity, wellbeing and relationships with others. The paper also provides some considerations for practitioners and other professionals working with adult adoptee parents and their families.

The focus of this book chapter is on how leaders and executives can improve their strategic decision-making around staff resourcing to foster work opportunities for people with disabilities and also support strategic business objectives. It outlines evidence-based strategies for disability inclusion.

An investigation of the underlying drivers of recent cost growth in Australian public hospital services. The report identifies several key cost growth factors and provides nine recommendations for consideration by the Board of Treasurers to inform ongoing negotiations on the next five-year National Health Reform Agreement expected to commence in July 2026.