This paper is the second part of a series that looks at some of the possible concerns from Indonesia’s perspective of threats to its security that may arise in the long-term future.

China is perhaps the most important economic partner for Indonesia, being both the second-largest investor in the country and the leading market for exported goods. Beyond economic ties, Jakarta often sees China as a strategic challenge. This paper looks at some of the challenges that China might pose to Indonesia in the longer term.

Despite the threat of protests and court action by opposition candidate Prabowo Subianto, Indonesia has once again pulled off a remarkably successful election process, involving 193 million voters, with almost no violence or threat to the nation’s democracy.

This analysis focuses on the upcoming Indonesian election on 17 April 2019, considering the political climate, the contenders and Indonesia's democratic procedures.

This report argues that the reappearance of JI has major relevance for Australia, given that Indonesia is a large and important strategic partner. Any threats to Jakarta’s internal stability must therefore occupy a central place in Canberra’s foreign, defence and security calculations.