This paper explores openness in artificial intelligence (AI), including relevant terminology and how different degrees of openness can exist. There is ongoing debate about the risks, benefits and trade-offs of making AI models publicly available. This paper seeks to support policy discussions on how to balance the openness of generative AI foundation models with responsible...

This report reviews Australia's' Digital and ICT Investment Oversight Framework (IOF) progress three years post-launch, benchmarking it against OECD best practice. It identifies strengths, challenges and opportunities to ensure the IOF remains fit for purpose and continues to advance Australia’s digital government ambitions. Based on the assessment, the report provides policy recommendations for the Australian...

Teachers’ salaries consistently represent the largest spending item in public primary and secondary educational institutions across OECD countries and are often the subject of debate. This policy brief outlines spending patterns across OECD countries, highlighting the complexity of implementing broad salary reforms. It finds that even modest salary increases for teachers can have a significant...

The report outlines key findings for Australia from the first international survey of health outcomes and experiences of patients living with chronic conditions who are treated in GP practices. It summarises data findings across 10 health areas and outlines key insights for improving the quality of care for people living with chronic conditions.

This outlook looks at the latest labour market developments and prospects in OECD member countries. It also discusses the challenges population ageing poses more generally. The consequences of an ageing workforce for productivity growth are analysed. Without swift changes in policies and behaviours, GDP per capita growth will slow down significantly in most OECD countries.