This paper presents an overview of lane-level road network generation techniques for the lane-level maps of autonomous vehicles with on-board systems, including the representation and generation of lane-level road networks.

Adverse changes of the landscape resulting from diverse human activities have consequently caused quality decline and functional degradation of the natural landscape, endangering the natural habitats of various species. Meanwhile, technical advancements in the area of spatial analysis including GIS and remote sensing enable many kinds of easy-to-quantify landscape indices. Although some systems were developed...

This study looked into the principles and practices of lean management pertinent to highway construction projects to analyze whether lean management practices could improve the management efficiency for complex projects. It was found that lean management tools that are used repeatedly and the ones that require a high level of detailing are positively associated with...

Urbanization brings significant changes to the urban food system. There is growing attention to food self-sufficiency in metropolitan areas for the concern of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation in food transportation. In China, grain self-sufficiency in metropolitan areas is also an important issue for grain security and involves coordination among contradictory policy goals.

Social responsibility (SR) is still not effectively implemented within mega-construction projects. This study investigates critical barriers to it in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Findings contribute to a deeper understanding of critical SR implementation barriers. Identification and ranking allows decision-makers to develop strategies to tackle them.