Children’s Independent Mobility (CIM) is defined as a measure of the level of a child’s freedom to explore and move about his or her local neighbourhood without direct adult supervision (Hillman et al., 1990). An example of CIM is a child walking to school without an adult. Active transport or active commuting is generally defined as walking or cycling, and CIM is a sub-set of those who actively commute to school and other places (Hume et al., 2008, Pabayo et al., 2009). The effect of any loss of independent mobility may manifest itself in lower levels of physical activity, resulting in poorer health, loss of independence, and greater reliance on the car for travel to all sorts of destinations (Kegerreis, 1993). One example is the decline in numbers of children walking to school. Recent studies have shown that walking to school has declined from 37% in 1985 to 26% in 2001. (Salmon et al., 2005) A recent study has shown that sustained active transport to school by young children results in a lower Body Mass Index (BMI) and fewer children who are overweight (Pabayo et al., 2009). In light of declines in active transport (AT), CIM, and associated physical and social health outcomes, influences on this behaviour are important to examine, so that interventions can be better planned. Therefore, this paper will 1) describe the current levels of active transport (AT) and independent mobility (IM) to / from school; 2) examine associations between distance and AT and IM to / from school, and 3) explore the socio-demographic factors influencing AT and IM to / from school including sex and urban classification.