In many ways, the transition from traditional modes of management thinking and behavior to Lean approaches is what Kuhn referred to as a 'paradigm shift'. Not only surface artifacts like behavior are different in a Lean organization - the most basic assumptions and patterns of...

The Portfolio/Process/Operations (PPO) model is a novel approach to understanding the elements that impact production systems in the world of construction. Building on prior work such as the "Transformation-Flow-Value" (TFV) theory, the PPO model adds a multi- and meta-project view through its consideration of the...