One of the greatest challenges in the study of disinformation and influence operations (IOs) is measuring their impact. This paper seeks to answer that challenge by proposing “The Breakout Scale,” a comparative model for measuring IOs based on data that are observable, replicable, verifiable and available from the moment they were posted. It is intended...

This report is the Australia case study of an ambitious year-long CSIS initiative to analyse China’s influence activities in Australia and Japan, and Russian influence activities in the United Kingdom and Germany.

This document is the result of a major inquiry into threat that Russia poses to the United Kingdom (Cyber; Disinformation and Influence; and Russian Expatriates). The investigation included a number of evidence sessions with a broad range of witnesses over the course of eight months, in addition to a substantial volume of written evidence.

The COVID-19 pandemic has shed new light on Russian and Chinese influence activities and created new opportunities for Moscow and Beijing to advance geopolitical goals through a range of influence operations, including through disinformation efforts. This research paper explores Russian influence activities in the United Kingdom and Germany, and Chinese influence activities in Japan and...

Researchers, policy-makers and the public at large are paying more attention to the threats that disinformation and other forms of online media manipulation pose to democratic institutions and political life. Coming after a number of international elections where disinformation was a serious problem, the authors of this report were able to learn from the tactics...