Understanding how petrol consumption responds to price changes and who bears the burden when prices rise is critical to both designing relief measures in times of volatility as well as setting petrol tax rates in normal times. This research provides evidence on how petrol consumption responds to price changes and how it varies across households.

Australia faces significant challenges to its long-term economic prosperity and environmental sustainability – its current policies to reduce carbon emissions are inefficient and it is not on track to meet targets. This report sets out two policy proposals that can deliver emissions reduction and economic renewal together: a polluter pays levy and a fair share...

The Safeguard Mechanism is the federal government’s net zero policy which targets and mandates large projects and facilities to reduce emissions. This paper finds that the carbon credit cost under the Safeguard Mechanism represents a more significant risk to Australia’s exporters than the tariffs imposed by the United States Trump Administration.

This report calls for coordinated, targeted government intervention from industrial economies across the Asia-Pacific to address unpriced emissions in the production of fossil fuel-intensive commodity processing. Recommended measures include an Asian Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).

This paper systematically reviews ex-post empirical studies assessing the effects of climate change mitigation policies on emissions. The findings suggest that most policies effectively reduce emissions, with a median effect of about -5% per year, though with substantial variation across studies.