The report looks at structural reforms in policy areas that have been identified as priorities to lift growth in OECD and selected non-OECD countries. The selection of priorities is supported by a database of internationally comparable indicators that enable countries to assess their economic performance and structural policies in a wide range of areas.

This research report uses key economic indicators to compare Australia’s economic conditions in the post-pandemic years against previous decades. It finds that Australia is increasingly dependent on government spending and population growth to fuel headline economic growth. Private investment and net export has declined since 2000.

Medium-sized enterprises play an important role in the economy, diffusing technology downstream and connecting large and small firms. However, they are often overlooked. This report seeks to clarify the issues facing the 'missing middle', explore opportunities and shape solutions. It proposes identifying MSEs as a distinct cohort in policy and industry strategy.

Under the International Monetary Fund (IMF’s) Articles of Agreement, the IMF holds bilateral discussions with members, usually every year. The IMF concluded the Article IV consultation with Australia on February 9, 2026. It finds the Australian economy is managing a soft landing and economic recovery is expected to continue in the near-term.

Rising regulatory burden is estimated to have added at least $5.5 billion in business-related compliance costs over the last five financial years. This report highlights the increasing complexity of Australia’s regulatory framework. It identifies regulatory reform as one of the most significant opportunities to unlock productivity gains and secure Australia’s future prosperity.