Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing has been described as the leading maritime security threat and the Chinese distant water fishing fleet is likely to be the world’s leading perpetrator. While Beijing has taken steps to address wrongdoing in the Chinese fishing industry, it might continue...

China’s central bank digital currency, known as ‘DC/EP’ (digital currency/electronic payment), is rapidly progressing and, if successful, will have major international implications that have not yet been widely considered by policymakers.

As the prospect of high-intensity military conflict in the Indo-Pacific becomes more likely, Beijing, Washington and Canberra will need to manage nuclear risks more proactively.

The Chinese state has long sought to ‘transform’ and ‘civilise’ Xinjiang, but Xi Jinping and his lieutenants bring a new sense of urgency to this colonialist project. Under the guise of combating perceived ‘religious extremism’ and promoting ‘inter-ethnic mingling’, Chinese officials are slowly but systematically...

This working paper argues that the Trump administration’s policy experiment on China has failed to curb Chinese behaviours of concern or elicit Chinese concessions on American priorities. China has grown more repressive at home and more assertive in pursuit of its external ambitions. These outcomes...

This book examines how governance structures may be designed to promote performance and to ensure accountability. It describes developments in Australia, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan.

Beijing has recently demonstrated that it will use the trade relationship with Australia to apply pressure on Canberra. As high-quality, premium agricultural goods are in high demand globally, this paper argues that there is no shortage of alternative markets for Australian agricultural commodities.

Deteriorating political relations between the Chinese and Australian governments have cast a shadow over the bilateral trade. This briefing argues that the Australian farm sector should diversify its trade by focusing market development on less risk-exposed markets in the Indo-Pacific. Vietnam, India and Indonesia (particularly...

Concerns over India’s economic dependence on China have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and recent India-China border tensions. This has caused India to push towards a decoupling from China in critical sectors, such as pharmaceuticals and electronics.

Canadian attitudes towards China have undergone a dramatic shift – from ambivalence to distrust – since the two countries became locked in a diplomatic dispute in late 2018. This paper argues that these hardened sentiments are unlikely to dissipate and Canada–China relations seem to have...