On 27 October 2006 the Federal Court of Australia ordered Clarity1 Pty Ltd to pay $4.5 million and its managing director, Mr Wayne Mansfield, $1 million for breaches of the Spam Act 2003. The penalties follow a ruling by the Federal Court earlier this year that Clarity1 and Mr Mansfield had breached the Act by sending unsolicited commercial emails with an Australian link, and using address-harvesting software and harvested-address lists.