The National Deaths in Custody Program (NDICP) is responsible for monitoring the extent and nature of deaths occurring in prison, police custody and youth detention in Australia since 1980. The Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) has coordinated the NDICP since its establishment in 1992, the result of a recommendation made by the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (RCIADIC) the previous year. This report contains detailed information on deaths in both prison and police custody and custody-related operations in 2016–17, and compares these findings to longer term trends. No deaths occurred in youth detention in 2016–17.