This report is the output of a series of four workshops in Summer and Autumn 2024. The workshops brought people together from across disciplines and practices to discuss how artificial intelligence (AI) can work in society for the common good and, in pursuit of that objective, to find gaps in the research agenda informed by policy needs.

The report summarises discussions about applying AI for the public good across four thematic areas – administrative justice, place, public health and market failure – and presents the observations, ideas and research questions generated in the workshops.

The report concludes by identifying how AI may contribute to, or hinder, improvement of services and outcomes for citizens. It identifies a series of challenges and research questions the arose in each of the four workshops, including:

• supporting decisions about applying AI
• collaboration and collective learning for co-design
• appropriate uses of automation
• understanding relevant current use of AI
• data management and trust
• understanding legitimacy.