This report examines representation in Australia’s 48th Federal Parliament, analysing gender, Indigeneity, cultural background, education, age and employment. It provides a statistical snapshot of members at the opening of the 48th Parliament, outlines pathways into politics, and highlights where parliamentary composition reflects or diverges from broader society, including demographics, education and employment backgrounds.

Key findings

• Gender parity is closer than ever.
• First Nations representation remains above population share.
• Cultural diversity has broadened, but gaps persist.
• Overseas-born Australians are under-represented in Parliament.
• Parliament is ageing compared to voters.
• Educational background is elite.
• Political pathways are narrow.