The trafficking of wildlife is increasingly recognised as both a specialised area of organized crime and a significant threat to many plant and animal species. In response to this growing awareness, UNODC has been mandated to build a Global Programme on Wildlife and Forest Crime, and research is a key part of this Programme. This report represents the first global wildlife crime assessment conducted by UNODC, with the support of the International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC), making use of the global seizure database “World WISE”.