Declining fertility rates are a worldwide phenomenon, with Australia no exception. Australia’s fertility rate has fallen to a record low of 1.5 births per woman. This report examines both the drivers of fertility decisions and the lessons from past policy interventions. It finds the decline in fertility has been driven by three factors.

Without a stronger focus on healthy ageing, population ageing will have a strong impact on health and long-term care expenditures. This report discusses how a stronger focus on preventive interventions and reablement helps promote healthy ageing. It highlights that promoting healthcare closer to people and more integrated care are cost-effective interventions for older people.

Australian migration has recently been extremely volatile. Currently, there are two main criticisms of the Australian Government’s migration policies. This paper reviews the evidence and draws conclusions. It finds that the post-pandemic surge in net overseas migration was driven by global forces more than local ones.

Australia, like many developed countries, is experiencing a significant decline in its total fertility rate. The First Child Tax Refund and the Baby Bonus policies aimed to reduce the financial cost of childbearing, with the Baby Bonus designed to encourage higher fertility. This note examines the effects of these financial incentives on fertility outcomes.

This report on the global renewable sector presents the latest forecasts and analysis, based on recent policy and market developments, while also exploring key challenges and opportunities. This edition provides forecasts for the deployment of renewable energy technologies in electricity, transport and heat through 2030. It also examines notable developments in key areas of the...