This report provides updates on how Australia's National Quantum Strategy has been implemented. It also highlights the successes, challenges and next steps for Australia's quantum industry.

Cryptography is the collection of secure information and communication techniques employing mathematical concepts and algorithms used to disguise the content of messages. This report introduces cryptography to policymakers and includes key concepts such as symmetric and asymmetric cryptography, public key infrastructure, and end-to-end encryption.

Quantum computing is evolving from the fantastical to the achievable. A recent roundtable discussion with leaders from the Australian government informed this report, outlining themes and recommendations for governments as they embark on the journey to quantum.

This report addresses how best to collaborate across government and industry among the three AUKUS nations—Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—in order to implement this historically important security agreement effectively.

The United States and its allies are in a strategic competition with China in which the race to develop and deploy emerging technologies will play a decisive role. Pillar Two of the trilateral AUKUS agreement, which focuses on jointly developing advanced capabilities between the three countries, holds the potential to supercharge progress.