This report draws upon over 700 surveys and 50 in-depth interviews with temporary visa holders revealing a broken migration system that sets workers up for exploitation and perpetual uncertainty.

Key findings:

• 65% of temporary visa holders have experienced wage theft and 1-in-4 have additionally experienced other forms of labour exploitation
• Extremely high levels of stress, the highest being amongst those on employer-sponsored visas
• A link between workplace exploitation and temporary visa status whereby 91% of workers surveyed who experienced wage theft arrived on a visa with no pathway to permanent residency
• On average, it takes workers 5.1 years to acquire PR with the longest wait time being 13 years
• Loopholes in visa programs such as employer-sponsored visas which leave workers vulnerable to exploitative bosses and visa scams, and often tens of thousands of dollars out of pocket.