The resource examines the history of coal power in the UK, explores the factors that led to its phaseout, and analyses the implications of this transition for the country’s energy mix and for climate action globally. It uses the UK’s experience to demonstrate that a rapid transition away from coal power is possible, highlighting key lessons for other regions. 

The article discusses the economic and social impacts of coal mining and highlights the growing environmental concerns associated with coal burning, particularly air pollution. It focuses on two distinct stages of the UK's coal phaseout: the ‘dash for gas’ in the 1990s and the subsequent buildout of renewables, coupled with policies to make coal plants pay for their pollution. Finally, the article looks at the current state of the UK's electricity mix, which is increasingly dominated by renewables, and discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with achieving a fully decarbonised power sector by 2030.

The article outlines four key elements that enabled the UK coal phaseout, which could serve as recommendations for other countries seeking to replicate its success.

1. Building alternative sources of electricity generation in sufficient quantities to meet and exceed demand growth.
2. Stopping the construction of new coal-fired power plants.
3. Internalising externalities through policies and regulations so that coal plants bear the cost of their pollution.
4. Sending clear political signals that market actors can rely on for decision-making.