Poor mental health affects more than one in five people across OECD and European Union (EU27) countries and is estimated to reduce healthy life expectancy by 2.5 years, with young people, women and those with low socio‑economic status particularly affected. Focusing on depression and anxiety, this report sets out the strong economic case for investing in better mental health policies. 

The report shows how evidence‑based interventions in primary care, schools and workplaces can improve health outcomes and boost economic growth through improved productivity and labour market participation. Many of these interventions are cost‑effective and some cost‑saving. However, the overall impact of these interventions remains low due to lack of implementation at scale. 

The report examines the current state of mental health policy across 44 OECD and EU countries, with a focus on interventions designed to improve mental wellbeing. Particular attention is given to policies supported by a strong evidence base, including those implemented in primary healthcare, workplace and school settings. The analysis is summarised in a matrix of policy options outlining intervention mechanisms, delivery settings, objectives and modes of implementation. These interventions form the foundation for the cost-effectiveness analysis in the report.

To deliver meaningful improvements, countries must adopt a more systemic approach that enhances intervention design and implementation, expands coverage and investment and tackles the root causes of mental distress.