PHN Discussion Paper #2 – Mental Health notes a key role for Primary Health Networks in realising effective and lasting improvement in mental health outcomes, through adopting a person-centred approach in service design and enabling integration across service providers in local health systems. The 2014 National Mental Health Commission report noted that “They (PHNs) can work in partnership and apply targeted, value-for-money interventions across the whole continuum of mental wellbeing and ill-health to meet the needs of their communities.” Notwithstanding this, there are challenges and barriers to be resolved in order to effect meaningful and sustainable improvement in mental health outcomes and health system performance.  Further exploration of the challenges and barriers is warranted in order to enable PHNs to deliver on their objectives.