The raspberry plant produces new canes, which emerge from the ground in early spring. These new canes, referred to as primocanes, grow throughout spring and early summer and become dormant in winter. The varieties Willamette, Nootka and Chilcotin normally produce an autumn crop on the tips of the primocanes before becoming dormant. Dormant canes are trained to or between wires during winter, and produce fruit during spring; at this stage they are termed floricanes. Old floricanes die after fruiting in summer, and are cut out during the winter.