This review focused on the implementation of risk stratification tools. It found that the use of risk stratification tools in combination with a care management plan can improve patient outcomes. The use of risk stratification tools to determine components of a care management plan can contribute to reductions in hospital readmissions, health service use and improved patient outcomes. Some critical enablers and barriers to successful implementation included engaging clinicians in tool implementation, refinement and use; a supportive context; data requirements and tool characteristics; and responsiveness to equity issues.