This review aims to identify evidence-based strategies to address common parenting issues faced by parents of young children. Due to time constraints, it was not feasible to attempt to identify all the issues that might concern parents. Instead, it was agreed that the literature review would focus on the most common self-identified needs of Australian parents who are experiencing adversity. Nine key issues were nominated, organised by three key areas:

• Care of the child: promoting good nutrition/eating, managing sleeping issues, and ensuring safety;
• Relationship with the child: ensuring maternal bonding, promoting child attachment, and managing crying and separation issues; and
• Home learning environment: promoting communication and language, providing appropriate toys and encouraging play, and providing appropriate social opportunities.