This paper is a response to the Federal Government's criticism of an Australia Institute report that examined conflicting estimates of carbon emissions. This paper argues that the Federal Government's National Carbon Accounting System (NCAS) is not transparent. Members of the public cannot gain access to crucial NCAS data (for example, maps of identified Kyoto forests or relevant land clearing events). This situation contrasts with the situation at a state level, notably in Queensland, where almost all of the relevant data is publicly available. The paper calls for an independent review of NCAS to promote transparency of the system.