This report argues that a greater number of future online attackers - anyone from disgruntled employees to organised cybercriminals and nation-states - could cause widespread disruption and financial losses by hacking into Australia's digital services and infrastructure, including public services like patient health records and taxation data. Executive summary Australia’s digital future is set to...

Drawing on census data, this report identifies the major trends in the size and distribution of Australia's towns over the twentieth century. It examines the processes of change and the long term technological and economic factors driving development.

Unprecedented infrastructure spending by states and territories is largely responsible for a $106 billion decline in their finances since 2006, argues this report. Overview Australian government budgets are under pressure. Without tough decisions, they risk posting deficits of around 4½ per cent of GDP within 10 years. The problems have got worse since our first...

This briefing paper analyses, at a theoretical level, the potential economic benefits of secondary airport competition in the Sydney context. Introduction On the 3rd April 2014, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) published their latest airport monitoring report which found that Sydney Airport had again performed the worst across a number of areas in...

Between 1940 and 1970 the New Zealand Government undertook an extensive expansion programme of hydro-electric power infrastructure across New Zealand’s North and South Islands.