The National Gambling Toll calculates the financial losses of Australia’s addiction to gambling. Between March 2025 and March 2026, Australians lost $36 billion to gambling. On a per person basis, Australians lose more money to gambling than any other country. This paper finds that without comprehensive reform, this toll will only continue to grow.

A review of BetStop, the National Self-Exclusion Register (NSER), a service that allows individuals to self-exclude from all Australian licensed online and telephone wagering services. The review finds that the NSER is performing an essential and much needed function in protecting those at risk of gambling harm. It makes 10 recommendations to optimise BetStop’s role.

In June 2024, the Australian government banned the use of credit cards for online gambling. Using transaction data, this research note evaluates the policy’s effect. The focus is on its impact on online sports gambling. The note finds if policy is to reduce gambling harms, greater returns may come from targeting other forms of gambling.

BetStop is one of the Australian Government's key policy responses to mitigate online gambling harms. However, this study found awareness of the initiative, is low relative to the rise in online gambling participation and harm. The findings suggest targeted public awareness campaigns are needed to improve awareness of BetStop among specific population groups.

The study adopted a public health approach, examining tangible and intangible costs associated with gambling problems in all gambling forms in Victoria. The study sought to quantify the cost of gambling harm to Victoria in financial terms. The total cost of gambling to Victoria in 2022-23 was estimated to be $14.1 billion.