This regulatory overview highlights opportunities to strengthen and improve the uniformity of the radiation protection and nuclear safety framework in Australia. It finds that harmonisation of the current framework would have a range of benefits for the community, regulators, and regulated entities and looks at key considerations for the implementation of the recommended changes. 

Findings

• Commonwealth, State and Territory legislation have failed to incorporate substantial elements of the minimum legislative requirements set out by the National Directory for Radiation Protection.
• The Commonwealth, States and Territories are largely inconsistent in the Codes of Practice which they each prescribe.
• Despite inconsistencies, the present framework has been effective in minimising radiation and nuclear incidents and protecting overall public safety.
• Consistent application of the Transport Code has  successfully improved the efficiency of the regulatory environment.
• The States and Territories have demonstrated a willingness to work together in areas of identified need for uniformity.
• Harmonisation would be the most effective way to improve the current safety and regulatory framework. 

Recommendations

1. Target efforts into priority areas of reform to deliver more significant, and long-term improvements to the existing framework.
2. Consider the implementation of additional governance mechanisms to strengthen the existing legislative and regulatory framework, without legislative amendments to the present regime.